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國際書號: 9780190989729
類別  : 文化書籍
作者  : 徐賁
出版社 : 牛津大學出版社
出版日期: 2020年7月

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Description

在人類歷史的任何一個時期,人們遭受的暴政之害都遠甚於他們所受的自由之益,然而,奇怪的是,討論自由的書籍數不勝數,而剖析暴政的書籍卻少之又少。這種學術關注的失衡一直延續至今。儘管歷史上暴政頻繁,但很少有政治哲學家把暴政本身當作一個核心理論問題來討論。

本書第一部分回顧貫穿於古代暴政和現代暴政的一些彌久常新的專制統治原則。專制暴政「有一樣東西要死死抓住,那就是權力;必須奉為一項基本原則」。只要人性的幽暗和軟弱不變,這些馭民的原則只要做一些技術性的修正和更新,也就會永不過時。


第二部分討論20世紀的極權暴政和領袖崇拜 —— 希特勒、列寧、斯大林、毛澤東,尤其是共產意識形態國家的領袖個人崇拜。個人崇拜是領袖崇拜的極端形式,它經常被錯誤地理解為只是因為某個政治人物的個人權力慾望失度、道德操守低下、個性強梁霸道才出現的特例情形。


第三部分轉而思考領袖崇拜與民眾感恩、膜拜和盲從的關係。極權主義制度通過允諾改善社會和人民生活來實現其權力統治並索取忠誠,允諾還未兌現,人民就必須先付出忠誠。


第四部分討論普通民眾中的一個特殊的群體:知識分子。他們有的曾因為嚮往自由的價值而匍匐在革命之神的腳下,對之頂禮膜拜。有的則崇拜革命化身的領袖個人,甘願充當其文化鷹犬或政治打手。他們是偶像神話的製造者,也是這個神話最執著的迷戀者,最痛苦的幻滅者和最可能的抵抗者。一旦幻滅並成為抵抗者,他們便會留下親歷見證,也會告訴世人,再高聳的惡神偶像也有轟然隕歿的一天,為了這一天早日到來,需要每個人絕不放棄希望和抵抗,正如奧威爾所言,「即使是被打敗,也要充滿勇氣」。

作者簡介
徐賁,美國麻塞諸塞大學文學博士,美國加州聖瑪利學院英文系教授。著作包括 Situational Tensions of Critic-Intellectuals、Disenchanted Democracy、《走向後現代和後殖民》、《文化批評往何處去》、《知識份子:我的思想和我們的行為》、《人以什麼理由來記憶》、《通往尊嚴的公共生活》、《在傻子和英雄之間:群眾社會的兩張面孔》、《什麼是好的公共生活》、《統治與教育:從國民到公民》、《懷疑的時代需要怎樣的信仰》、《政治是每個人的副業》、《明亮的對話:公共說理十八講》 、《聽良心的鼓聲能走多遠》、《頹廢與沉默:透視犬儒文化》、《經典閱讀:美國大學的人文教育》,編有父親的回憶文集:《復歸的素人:文字中的人生》。

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Oxford University Press (China) Limited
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About Oxford University Press (China) Limited

Oxford University Press (OUP) is a department of the University of Oxford and it is the world's largest university press, publishing over 4,000 new titles a year. As a wholly-owned subsidiary of OUP, OUP China-Hong Kong has achieved a leading position in the local educational publishing market.

 

In Hong Kong itself, OUP China is a significant publisher of educational books, at all levels, and both in English and in Chinese. Courses for the teaching of the two languages in primary and secondary schools are widely used; and texts in the sciences and humanities also occupy dominant positions.


For regional and international markets, OUP China publishes English-Chinese dictionaries and a broad range of college, academic and general titles about and for China, again both in English and in Chinese.

 

OUP China-Hong Kong first introduced humanities books in 1992, which marked a key milestone of success and expanded their reach to a new group of readers. With the objective of broadening the view of our readers, our humanities books span literature, history, philosophy and sociology, and have included both Chinese books and translated books from renowned authors.

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